Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence
Hypersomnia Associated with a Psychiatric Disorder
Background
The psychiatric disorders most often associated with hypersomnia include mood (depression, bipolar disorder) and conversion disorders. Schizoaffective disorder, adjustment disorder, and personality disorders are associated with hypersomnia, but less often.
Epidemiology
Approximately 5%-7% of cases of hypersomnia are associated with a psychiatric disorder.
Diagnosis
Three criteria must be met for a diagnosis of hypersomnia associated with a psychiatric disorder to be made.
- The person has daily periods of uncontrollable sleepiness or falling asleep that have occurred for at least 3 months.
- The person has both daytime sleepiness and a psychiatric disorder.
- No drug or medication or other untreated sleep, medical, or neurologic disorder better explains the symptoms.
1. Silber MH, Krahn LE, Olson EJ, Pankratz VS. The epidemiology of narcolepsy in Olmsted County, Minnesota: a population-based study. Sleep. 2002;25(2):197-202.
2. Acquavella J, Mehra R, Bron M, Suomi JM, Hess GP. Prevalence of narcolepsy and other sleep disorders and frequency of diagnostic tests from 2013-2016 in insured patients actively seeking care. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(8):1255-1263.
3. Kallweit U, Nilius G, Trumper D, Vogelmann T, Schubert T. Prevalence, incidence, and health care utilization of patients with narcolepsy: a population-representative study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022.
4. Scheer D, Schwartz SW, Parr M, Zgibor J, Sanchez-Anguiano A, Rajaram L. Prevalence and incidence of narcolepsy in a US health care claims database, 2008-2010. Sleep. 2019;42(7).
5. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 3rd ed.; 2014.
6. Liu Y, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, al. e. Prevalence of healthy sleep duration among adults: United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly. 2016;65(6):137-141.